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[Rifampicin (benemycin) treatment of salmonellosis in nursing infants]
Abstract:
The efficacy of rifampicin (benemycin) in combined therapy of salmonellosis in 145 infants, including 25 newborns was studied. The data indicated that it was highly effective and superior to the other drugs, such as levomycetin, polymyxin, ampicillin and furazolidone, widely used at present for the treatment of salmonellosis in children. The efficacy of rifampicin was due to the high sensitivity to it of various Salmonella strains, including polyresistant strains of S. typhimurium, as well as the peculiar characteristics of its pharmacokinetics, i. e. the ability for rapid absorption into the blood, the effect on the bacteria located in the cells and excretion with bile. When used orally or rectally in a daily dose of 15--20 mg per 1 kg bw for a short-term treatment course rifampicin induced no side effects or allergic reactions. It is concluded that rifampicin (benemycin) may be used as a valuable reserve drug for the treatment of the severe forms of salmonellosis caused by polyresistant strains of S. typhimurium in infants and newborns. It is not advisable to use the drug for the treatment of children with moderate and nonsevere forms of salmonellosis since it may be the cause of the development of resistance to it in Salmonella.
Insights
Rifampicin (benemycin) effectively treats infant salmonellosis, outperforming other drugs. It
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Salmonellosis is a significant cause of infant illness.
- Current treatments for salmonellosis in children have limitations.
- The emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains necessitates new therapeutic options.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rifampicin (benemycin) in treating salmonellosis in infants.
- To compare rifampicin's effectiveness against other commonly used antibiotics for pediatric salmonellosis.
- To assess rifampicin's role in managing severe and multidrug-resistant Salmonella infections.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 145 infants, including 25 newborns, with salmonellosis.
- Combined therapy utilizing rifampicin.
- Administration of rifampicin orally or rectally at 15-20 mg/kg/day for short-term treatment.
Main Results:
- Rifampicin demonstrated high efficacy, superior to levomycetin, polymyxin, ampicillin, and furazolidone.
- Effective against various Salmonella strains, including polyresistant S. typhimurium.
- No observed side effects or allergic reactions with short-term use.
Conclusions:
- Rifampicin is a valuable reserve drug for severe infant salmonellosis, especially from polyresistant strains.
- Its pharmacokinetic profile (rapid absorption, intracellular effect, biliary excretion) contributes to efficacy.
- Avoid using rifampicin for non-severe cases to prevent antimicrobial resistance development.