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Comparison of new triton X-100- and tween-ether-treated split-treated vaccines in children
Insights
A new split-product vaccine (SPV) using Triton X-100 showed comparable immunogenicity to the Tween-ether SPV in primed individuals. Further research is needed in unprimed children to confirm these findings for influenza vaccines.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Virology
Background:
- Split-product vaccines (SPVs) offer reduced systemic reactogenicity and good immunogenicity with two doses.
- Influenza vaccines are crucial for preventing seasonal and pandemic strains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the immunogenicity of a new Triton X-100 SPV with a Tween-ether SPV.
- To evaluate antibody responses in children and young adults.
Main Methods:
- 76 participants (2-25 years) received two doses of either Triton X-100 SPV or Tween-ether SPV.
- Vaccines contained influenza strains A/Brazil/78, A/Texas/77, and B/Hong Kong/72 (7 µg HA each).
- Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) tests assessed antibody titers post-vaccination.
Main Results:
- Both SPVs induced geometric mean antibody titers of approximately 100 for A/Brazil/78 and A/Texas/77 in seronegative individuals after one dose.
- Lower titers (approx. 32) were observed for B/Hong Kong/72 after one dose.
- Neither SPV elicited adequate cross-reacting antibodies against B/Singapore/79 (geometric mean titers approx. 10).
Conclusions:
- The new Triton X-100 SPV demonstrates comparable immunogenicity to the ether-treated SPV in primed subjects.
- Further studies in unprimed children are recommended to validate these findings.
- Investigating alternative dosage regimens for SPVs in unprimed children is advisable.
Abstract:
Split-product vaccines (SPVs) combine the desirable properties of no systemic reactogenicity and adequate immunogenicity when two doses are given. We compared a new Triton X-100 SPV (Connaught Laboratories, Inc.) with the commercially available Tween-ether SPV (Parke-Davis & Co.) in 76 children and young adults 2 to 25 years old; there were 39 and 37, respectively, in each vaccine group. Both vaccines contained influenza A/Brazil/78, A/Texas/77, and B/Hong Kong/72 (7 microgram of hemagglutinin for each strain); two doses were administered 1 month apart. Among persons seronegative by the hemagglutination inhibition test, the geometric mean antibody titers rose to approximately 100 after the first vaccination for influenza A/Brazil/78 and A/Texas/77. For B/Hong Kong/72, however, seronegative recipients developed lower geometric mean titers of approximately 32 after one immunization. Against the new B/Singapore/79 strain neither SPV stimulated adequate cross-reacting hemagglutination inhibition antibody (geometric mean titers of approximately 10). In conclusion, the new Triton X-100 SPV appears to be comparable to the ether-treated SPV in primed subjects. Further studies in unprimed children should be done to confirm this impression. In addition, it would be advisable to study other dosage regimens in unprimed children with these SPVs.