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Related Experiment Videos

Cellular antibiotic pharmacology

C B Wilson, R F Jacobs, A L Smith

    Seminars in Perinatology
    |April 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Many perinatal pathogens survive inside host cells, evading standard antibiotic treatments. Intracellularly active antibiotics like rifampin may offer better therapeutic options, especially for neonates, but require further research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Pharmacology
    • Neonatal Medicine

    Background:

    • Perinatal pathogens frequently exhibit intracellular survival and replication.
    • Intracellular pathogens evade extracellularly acting antibiotics, leading to treatment challenges.
    • Phagocytic cells of the reticuloendothelial system are primary targets for many intracellular perinatal pathogens.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the activity of antibiotics against intracellular pathogens.
    • To highlight the importance of intracellular antibiotic activity in perinatal infections.
    • To discuss the potential clinical utility and future research directions for intracellular antibiotics.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of antibiotic intracellular activity.
    • Analysis of antibiotic uptake and efficacy within host cells.

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  • Evaluation of existing clinical and animal data on intracellular antibiotic use.

    • Main Results:

    • Rifampin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim demonstrate significant intracellular activity.
    • Penicillins, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides are largely excluded from cells or inactive intracellularly.
    • Newborn phagocytes have reduced microbicidal activity, increasing the importance of intracellular antibiotic efficacy.

    Conclusions:

    • Antibiotics with intracellular activity may be crucial for treating certain perinatal infections.
    • Further clinical and animal studies are needed to define the role of intracellular antibiotics.
    • Strategies to enhance antibiotic intracellular activity exist and warrant investigation.