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Brain renin

T Inagami, D L Clemens, S Hirose

    Clinical and Experimental Hypertension. Part A, Theory and Practice
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers identified specific brain renin, distinct from cathepsins, and demonstrated its role in producing angiotensin II within neurons. This finding reveals a novel mechanism for peptide hormone formation in the brain.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • The brain contains high concentrations of cathepsins with non-specific renin-like activity.
    • Specific renin presence and function in the brain were previously unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize brain renin and its properties.
    • To investigate the mechanism of peptide hormone formation in neuronal cells.

    Main Methods:

    • Affinity chromatography using casein-Sepharose to separate renin from cathepsins.
    • Biochemical assays to determine pH optima and isoelectric points.
    • Immunohistochemistry to localize renin and angiotensin II.
    • Electrophysiological studies in the hippocampus.

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    Main Results:

    • Brain renin was successfully separated from cathepsins and exhibits neutral pH optima.
    • Brain renin has distinct isoelectric points compared to renal or plasma renin.
    • Renin and angiotensin II were found to coexist within the same neuronal cells and in adenohypophysis gonadotrophs.
    • Angiotensin II was shown to disinhibit neuronal inhibition in the hippocampus.

    Conclusions:

    • This study provides the first evidence for intracellular peptide hormone formation in neuronal cells mediated by brain renin.
    • The findings suggest a novel role for the renin-angiotensin system in brain function and neuronal signaling.