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Bacteriologic aspects of pelvic inflammatory disease in gynecologic patients
Abstract:
The bacteriology of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) was studied in 65 women. Endometrial, endocervical and vaginal cuff cultures were taken. In some cases blood cultures and cultures from the cul-de-sac or pelvic abscess were also obtained. Mixed organisms (aerobes and anaerobes) were the most common isolates from the endometrial, endocervical or vaginal cuff cultures, present in 40%. Neiseria gonorrhoeae was isolated in 8 (12.30%) endocervical specimens. Anaerobes were the most common bacteria recovered from cul-de-sac aspirates, pelvic abscesses and blood cultures. The combination of gentamicin, penicillin and metronidazole was the most common antibiotic scheme used. However, other antibiotics as cefoxitin and clindamycin were also used according to the sensitivity test. These data support the polymicrobial etiology of the disease and suggest: (1) the high incidence of anaerobic or mixed infections, and (2) the relatively low incidence of gonococcus in the studied cases.
Insights
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is often caused by multiple bacteria, including anaerobes. This study found mixed aerobic and anaerobic infections were most common, with a lower incidence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Gynecology
Background:
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a significant gynecological infection.
- Understanding the causative agents of PID is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the bacteriology of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
- To identify the predominant microorganisms involved in PID cases.
Main Methods:
- Collected endometrial, endocervical, and vaginal cuff cultures from 65 women with acute PID.
- Performed blood cultures and cul-de-sac or pelvic abscess cultures when indicated.
- Identified aerobic and anaerobic bacteria using standard microbiological techniques.
Main Results:
- Mixed aerobic and anaerobic organisms were the most frequent isolates (40%) from genital tract cultures.
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae was identified in 12.30% of endocervical specimens.
- Anaerobic bacteria were predominant in cul-de-sac aspirates, pelvic abscesses, and blood cultures.
Conclusions:
- The findings support a polymicrobial etiology for acute PID.
- High incidence of anaerobic or mixed infections suggests their critical role in PID pathogenesis.
- The relatively low incidence of gonococcus indicates a shift in causative agents or diagnostic limitations.