Trauma-induced testicular torsion in children

Testicular torsion represents an urgent surgical problem, whereas it is usual to treat testicular trauma conservatively initially. Direct trauma to the testis has been suggested and occasionally reported to be associated with torsion of the testis. We herein report three cases of testicular torsion secondary to direct trauma. Review of the mechanism of torsion is included. Torsion must be included in the differential diagnosis of direct testicular trauma and treatment must not be delayed.