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Single-dose doxycycline for cholera

D A Sack, S Islam, H Rabbani

    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A single dose of doxycycline effectively treats cholera, showing comparable results to multi-dose regimens. This offers a viable alternative treatment for cholera, especially in resource-limited settings.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Tropical Medicine
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Cholera remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating effective and accessible treatment options.
    • Antibiotic therapy plays a crucial role in managing cholera, reducing fluid loss and duration of illness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a single-dose doxycycline regimen compared to a multi-dose regimen for cholera treatment.
    • To assess the impact of single-dose doxycycline on Vibrio cholerae excretion and clinical outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • A randomized prospective trial involving 65 cholera patients.
    • Comparison of single-dose (200 mg) versus multi-dose (500 mg over 4 days) doxycycline treatments.
    • Monitoring of intravenous fluid requirements, diarrheal stool volume, diarrhea duration, and stool culture positivity for Vibrio cholerae.

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    Main Results:

    • No significant differences were observed between single-dose and multi-dose doxycycline groups in fluid requirements, stool volume, or diarrhea duration.
    • Mean duration of positive stool cultures for Vibrio cholerae was similar in both groups.
    • Doxycycline absorption was confirmed despite rapid transit times in severe diarrhea, indicating effective bioavailability.

    Conclusions:

    • Single-dose doxycycline (200 mg) is clinically effective for cholera treatment, comparable to multi-dose regimens.
    • Doxycycline serves as a reasonable alternative to tetracycline for cholera management.
    • The findings support the use of single-dose doxycycline as a practical and effective therapeutic option for cholera.