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Application of a dermal self-exposure model to worker reentry
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
|March 1, 1982
Summary
Organophosphate insecticide dermal toxicity varied significantly in mice. Cholinesterase levels, a key indicator, showed diazinon, parathion, and methyl parathion were most potent in this exposure model.
Area of Science:
- Environmental toxicology
- Occupational health
Background:
- Organophosphate insecticides are widely used in agriculture.
- Assessing dermal toxicity from foliar residues is crucial for risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the dermal toxicity of five common organophosphate insecticides using a mouse intermittent self-exposure model.
- To compare cholinesterase inhibition as a biomarker for organophosphate exposure.
Main Methods:
- Mice were exposed intermittently to foliar residues of organophosphate insecticides.
- Blood cholinesterase activity (plasma and red blood cell) was monitored before and during exposure.
- Log-probit analysis determined dose-response relationships and median effective concentrations (EC50).
Main Results:
- Muzzled mice exhibited log-linear cholinesterase responses to varying foliar pesticide concentrations.
- Diazinon, parathion, and methyl parathion induced the greatest cholinesterase depression.
- Azinphos-methyl and mevinphos showed no significant effects at tested concentrations.
- Symptomatology, food consumption, and body weight were less sensitive indicators than cholinesterase levels.
Conclusions:
- Cholinesterase inhibition is a sensitive biomarker for organophosphate dermal exposure.
- Toxicity varied significantly among the tested organophosphates.
- Dermal LD50 values from acute exposure studies may not accurately predict risks from intermittent foliar exposure.