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Relationship between stroke volume and pneumocardiogram

J L Heckman, G H Stewart, G Tremblay

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |June 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The pneumocardiogram, intratracheal pressure oscillations from heartbeat, noninvasively measures cardiac stroke volume. Its major negative deflection amplitude linearly correlates with stroke volume, primarily caused by cardiac wall motion.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Respiratory Mechanics

    Background:

    • The pneumocardiogram (PCG) represents intratracheal pressure oscillations caused by cardiac activity.
    • Understanding the physiological basis of PCG is crucial for its potential clinical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between the pneumocardiogram and cardiac stroke volume.
    • To determine if the PCG can serve as a noninvasive measure of stroke volume.

    Main Methods:

    • Recorded intratracheal pressure oscillations (pneumocardiogram) in 15 dogs.
    • Measured cardiac stroke volume using indicator dilution and an electromagnetic flow probe.
    • Analyzed left ventricular wall motion using high-speed cineradiography.

    Main Results:

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    • A significant linear relationship was found between the major negative deflection amplitude of the PCG and cardiac stroke volume (r = 0.94-0.95).
    • This correlation held true in both open and closed-chest conditions.
    • The vector of left ventricular wall motion closely resembled the PCG waveform.

    Conclusions:

    • The pneumocardiogram is a valid noninvasive technique for assessing changes in cardiac stroke volume.
    • Cardiac wall motion is the primary determinant of the pneumocardiogram signal.