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Levamisole in chronic pyoderma

P Papageorgiou, H H Kesarwala, D V Alcid

    Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Immunology
    |June 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Levamisole treatment improved chronic pyoderma in patients with immune deficiencies. The drug enhanced host defense mechanisms, showing clinical improvement in most participants, though some experienced side effects.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Dermatology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Chronic recurrent pyoderma often presents with host defense abnormalities.
    • Standard therapies are frequently ineffective for this condition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of oral levamisole in patients with chronic recurrent pyoderma unresponsive to other treatments.
    • To assess the impact of levamisole on host defense mechanisms in these patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Eleven patients with chronic recurrent pyoderma received oral levamisole (1.5-2.5 mg/kg/day) for 2 consecutive days weekly.
    • Host defense parameters including polymorphonuclear (PMN) chemotaxis, bactericidal activity, and lymphocyte response to Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) were assessed.
    • Clinical response and side effects were monitored over 4-11 months.

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    Main Results:

    • Seven out of eleven patients showed clinical improvement.
    • Two patients achieved complete clearance of lesions, while others had partial or temporary improvement.
    • Levamisole treatment corrected PMN bactericidal abnormalities, improved PMN chemotaxis, and augmented lymphocyte response to PHA in vitro.
    • Side effects included elevated liver enzymes in two patients and a skin rash in one.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral levamisole demonstrates efficacy in treating chronic recurrent pyoderma, particularly in patients with underlying host defense abnormalities.
    • Levamisole can potentiate host defense mechanisms, correlating with clinical improvement.
    • While generally well-tolerated, potential side effects necessitate careful monitoring.