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Related Concept Videos

Selectins01:25

Selectins

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Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
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Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

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Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Published on: January 29, 2014

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Surface markers of complement receptor lymphocytes

G D Ross, R J Winchester, E M Rabellino

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |November 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Normal lymphocytes have complement receptors (CRs). Researchers identified distinct lymphocyte populations based on CR1 and CR2 expression, revealing differences in immunoglobulin and Ia antigen presence, crucial for immune cell identification.

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    Measuring Erythrocyte Complement Receptor 1 Using Flow Cytometry
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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Complement receptors (CRs) are crucial for immune cell function.
    • Lymphocytes express various combinations of CR1 and CR2, impacting immune responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize distinct normal blood lymphocyte populations based on complement receptor expression.
    • To differentiate lymphocyte subsets from other immune cells like monocytes and granulocytes.

    Main Methods:

    • Flow cytometry was used to analyze complement receptor (CR1, CR2) expression on lymphocytes.
    • Immunoglobulin (Ig) and Ia antigen surface markers were assessed.
    • Functional assays, including latex particle ingestion and sheep erythrocyte rosetting, were performed.

    Main Results:

    • Two main lymphocyte populations were identified: CR1+CR2+ and CR1+ cells.
    • CR1+CR2+ lymphocytes predominantly expressed Ig and Ia antigens.
    • CR1+ lymphocytes, largely Ig-negative, were further classified by Ia antigen expression, with a subset forming spontaneous rosettes.
    • Monocytes and immature granulocytes differed by ingesting latex particles and expressing CR2.
    • Qualitative differences in Fc receptor binding were observed between Ia+ and Ia- CR1+ lymphocytes.

    Conclusions:

    • Complement receptor expression patterns define distinct lymphocyte subsets.
    • These subsets exhibit unique surface marker profiles and functional characteristics.
    • Understanding these distinctions is vital for comprehending immune cell heterogeneity and function.