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Reactive psychoses

J H Stephens, J W Shaffer, W T Carpenter

    The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Reactive psychoses, distinct from schizophrenia, show acute onset, precipitating stress, and better long-term outcomes. These findings differentiate them from systematic schizophrenia in long-term patient follow-ups.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • The concept of reactive psychoses is primarily Scandinavian.
    • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd Edition's brief reactive psychosis differs from the Scandinavian concept.
    • Psychogenic factors in psychosis were recognized in early 20th-century psychiatry.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare reactive psychoses with systematic schizophrenia.
    • To identify distinguishing features and long-term outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective diagnosis of 91 reactive psychoses cases from 283 hospitalized patients with long-term follow-ups.
    • Identification of 78 "systematic schizophrenics" using Leonhardt's criteria for comparison.

    Main Results:

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    • Reactive psychoses patients exhibited more acute onset, precipitating stress, and affective symptoms.
    • They also showed more confusion, less affective blunting, and better premorbid adjustment.
    • Furthermore, reactive patients had fewer premorbid schizoid traits, fewer schizophrenic relatives, and a more favorable long-term outcome.

    Conclusions:

    • Reactive psychoses represent a distinct diagnostic entity with unique clinical and prognostic features.
    • These findings support the differentiation of reactive psychoses from schizophrenia based on specific criteria and outcomes.