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Spur cell anemia

D C Doll, N J Doll

    Southern Medical Journal
    |October 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Spur cell anemia, often linked to alcohol abuse and liver dysfunction, is diagnosed by identifying acanthocytes (spiky red blood cells) on blood smears. This condition has a poor prognosis, with most patients not surviving a year.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Hepatology
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Spur cell anemia is a severe hemolytic anemia.
    • It is often associated with chronic liver disease, particularly alcoholic liver disease.
    • Diagnosis can be challenging due to a lack of specific pathognomonic features.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present clinical and laboratory findings in eight patients with spur cell anemia.
    • To compare these findings with existing literature.
    • To highlight diagnostic criteria and assess prevalence.

    Main Methods:

    • Case series presentation of eight patients.
    • Comparison with literature data.
    • Analysis of clinical and laboratory findings, including peripheral blood smear morphology.

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    Main Results:

    • Patients typically exhibit a history of ethanol abuse and hepatocellular dysfunction.
    • Common findings include anemia, elevated reticulocyte count (>5%), and indirect hyperbilirubinemia.
    • Acanthocytosis (>20% on peripheral smear) is the diagnostic hallmark.
    • The study suggests spur cell anemia may be more prevalent than previously thought.

    Conclusions:

    • Spur cell anemia is characterized by a constellation of findings, not a single abnormality.
    • Acanthocytosis is the key diagnostic feature.
    • The prognosis is poor, with high mortality within one year.