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Reversible renal insufficiency in multiple myeloma

S P Bernstein, H D Humes

    Archives of Internal Medicine
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Most multiple myeloma patients experience renal insufficiency, often reversible with treatment. Addressing reversible causes significantly improves survival rates for these patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Hematology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Multiple myeloma frequently impacts renal function.
    • Renal insufficiency is a significant complication in multiple myeloma patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the incidence and reversibility of renal insufficiency in multiple myeloma.
    • To determine the prognostic impact of reversible renal failure.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective chart review of 45 multiple myeloma patients diagnosed between 1975 and 1980.
    • Analysis of renal function, specifically serum creatinine levels.
    • Correlation of renal insufficiency reversibility with treatment and survival outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • 69% of patients presented with renal insufficiency (peak creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL).
    • Renal insufficiency was reversible in 55% of cases.
    • Treatment of hypercalcemia and/or chemotherapy led to reversibility in 88% of reversible cases.
    • Patients with reversible renal insufficiency had a fourfold longer survival (11.4 months) compared to those with irreversible insufficiency (2.8 months).

    Conclusions:

    • Reversible renal insufficiency is common in multiple myeloma, often linked to hypercalcemia or the myeloma itself.
    • Prompt identification and treatment of reversible renal dysfunction can substantially improve patient prognosis and survival.
    • Aggressive management of renal complications is crucial for enhancing life expectancy in multiple myeloma patients.

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