An experimental evaluation of the response of the bull penis to carbon fiber implants

Flexible filamentous carbon fiber was surgically implanted between the dorsal apical ligament and tunica albuginea of the penis in 6 experimental bulls by both an open and a closed technique. The bulls were evaluated grossly and histologically at 30, 60 and 90 days after implantation. Grossly, carbon fiber produced a strong adhesion of the apical ligament to the tunica albuginea.. Histologically, the fibroblasts and collagen fibers were organized and aligned along the individual carbon filament. The implants were well tolerated and produced minimal reaction and appeared to be biologically safe. The implants produced a strong adhesion of the apical ligament to the tunica albuginea by either surgical technique. It should therefore be a satisfactory implant when used for correction of spiral and ventral deviation of the bull penis.