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Large granular lymphocytes: morphological studies

D Huhn, C Huber, G Gastl

    European Journal of Immunology
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Normal human blood contains large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) capable of natural killing. These cells, distinct from monocytes, possess specific granules and esterase activity, confirming their lymphocyte identity.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) are a subset of lymphocytes found in human blood.
    • Their functional and phenotypic characteristics are crucial for understanding immune responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize large granular lymphocytes from normal human blood.
    • To investigate their functional capabilities, including natural killing and phagocytosis.
    • To elucidate their ultrastructural and biochemical properties to confirm their lymphocyte nature.

    Main Methods:

    • Enrichment of LGLs using discontinuous Percoll density gradient centrifugation.
    • Assessment of natural killing and phagocytosis of yeast cells.
    • Electron microscopy for ultrastructural analysis.

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  • Biochemical assays for acid-alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase and myelo-peroxidase (POX).
  • Fc gamma receptor labeling using soluble POX-anti-POX complexes.

    • Main Results:

    • LGLs demonstrated natural killing activity but not phagocytosis of yeast cells.
    • Electron microscopy revealed characteristic granules and tubular inclusions within LGLs.
    • Biochemical analysis confirmed lymphocyte-specific esterase activity and absence of myeloid markers (POX).
    • Fc gamma receptors on LGLs were identified, with distinct membrane labeling compared to monocytes.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully isolated and characterized LGLs from normal human blood.
    • LGLs possess natural killing functions and distinct ultrastructural and biochemical features.
    • These findings support the classification of LGLs as lymphocytes, separate from monocytes.