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A screening method for substances potentially active on learning and memory

S Banfi, U Cornelli, W Fonio

    Journal of Pharmacological Methods
    |December 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study screened various substances for their effects on learning and memory using two behavioral tests. Several compounds, including caffeine and piracetam, enhanced cognitive function, while others impaired it.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Pharmacology
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • Assessing the impact of pharmacological agents on cognitive functions like learning and memory is crucial.
    • Developing reliable and efficient screening methods for nootropic and cognitive-enhancing drugs is an ongoing challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of diverse pharmacological agents on learning and memory processes.
    • To validate the utility of two distinct behavioral tests for screening cognitive enhancers and retardants.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a one-trial passive avoidance test in mice and a pole-climbing test in rats to assess learning and memory.
    • Administered substances from various pharmacological classes at doses that did not alter gross behavior, confirmed by Irwin's test.

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  • Compared the effects of d-amphetamine, caffeine, L-glutamine, Mg pemoline, phosphorylserine, piracetam, strychnine, tricyanoaminopropene, atropine, cycloheximide, diazepam, and morphine.

    • Main Results:

    • Facilitating effects on learning and memory were observed for d-amphetamine, caffeine, L-glutamine, Mg pemoline, phosphorylserine, piracetam, strychnine, and tricyanoaminopropene.
    • Impairment of cognitive functions was noted with atropine, cycloheximide, diazepam, and morphine.
    • Chlorpheniramine, diphenylhydantoin, GABA, imipramine, meclizine, mescaline, metrazol, and testosterone exhibited no significant or doubtful activity.

    Conclusions:

    • The parallel application of the one-trial passive avoidance and pole-climbing tests provides a satisfactory and predictable screening method for cognitive effects.
    • These findings support the use of these behavioral paradigms for preliminary assessment of substances affecting learning and memory.
    • The study highlights specific compounds with potential nootropic or cognitive-impairing properties, warranting further investigation.