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Urinary tract stones in children are often linked to urodynamic or metabolic issues and infections. While surgery is common, most children achieve stone-free status post-operation, though recurrence is possible.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Urology
- Nephrology
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Urinary calculous disease affects children, with causes including urodynamic disorders, metabolic disorders, and urinary infections.
- A significant percentage of pediatric patients with urinary stones present with co-existing urinary tract infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review cases of urinary calculous disease in children treated between 1970 and 1977.
- To analyze the causes, treatment outcomes, and recurrence rates of urinary stones in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 56 pediatric cases (1 month to 14 years) with urinary calculous disease.
- Analysis of etiological factors (urodynamic, metabolic, infection) and surgical outcomes.
Main Results:
- Urodynamic disorders (34%) and metabolic disorders (23%) were identified causes; 43% had unknown etiology.
- Urinary infection was present in 60% of patients.
- 80% of children required surgery, with 78% remaining stone-free post-operatively; 16% experienced recurrence.
Conclusions:
- Urinary tract stones in children frequently stem from underlying urodynamic or metabolic conditions.
- Surgical intervention is often necessary, but outcomes are generally favorable with a high stone-free rate.
- Long-term follow-up and specific therapies are crucial, particularly for children with metabolic disorders.
Abstract:
Reviewed are 56 cases of children suffering from urinary calculous disease between 1970 and 1977; 27 were female and 29 male. The age distribution was from one month to fourteen years. In 34 per cent of the children urodynamic disorders were responsible for stone formation, 23 per cent had identifiable metabolic disorders, and in 43 per cent the cause of stone formation was unknown. Urinary infection was present in 60 per cent of the patients. Forty-five of the 56 children (80 per cent) had to undergo surgery. After surgery 78 per cent remained stone free, while 16 per cent had recurrent stones, only half requiring a second operation. In cases of active stone disease, especially in the group with underlying metabolic disorders, specific therapeutic measures have been applied and the patients regularly investigated afterward.