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Optic neuritis in systemic lupus erythematosus

C A Smith, R S Pinals

    The Journal of Rheumatology
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can present with optic neuritis, a rare but significant ocular manifestation. Early corticosteroid treatment may rapidly improve vision, though permanent visual loss is possible.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Neurology
    • Rheumatology

    Background:

    • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with diverse clinical presentations.
    • Optic neuritis, inflammation of the optic nerve, is an uncommon but recognized neurological complication of SLE.

    Observation:

    • This report details four patients with SLE experiencing optic neuritis.
    • A literature review of eight similar cases was conducted.
    • Associated myelopathy was frequently observed in these cases, often leading to misdiagnosis as multiple sclerosis.

    Findings:

    • Optic neuritis can be the initial presenting symptom of SLE.
    • Myelopathy frequently co-occurs with optic neuritis in SLE patients.
    • Visual loss in SLE-associated optic neuritis may be irreversible.

    Implications:

    • Optic neuritis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurological symptoms in SLE patients.
    • Prompt diagnosis and early corticosteroid therapy are crucial for potentially preserving vision.
    • Distinguishing SLE-related optic neuritis from multiple sclerosis is critical for appropriate management.

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