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[Incidence and characteristics of the hypertension syndrome in chronic glomerulonephritis]
Insights
Renoparenchymal hypertension (RPH) is common in chronic glomerulonephritis (ChGN), especially with chronic renal insufficiency (ChRI). Early, complex treatment of RPH and ChRI is crucial for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Hypertension
Context:
- Chronic glomerulonephritis (ChGN) is a leading cause of chronic renal insufficiency (ChRI).
- Renoparenchymal hypertension (RPH) is a frequent complication of ChGN.
- Understanding RPH characteristics in ChGN is vital for patient management.
Purpose:
- To investigate the incidence and characteristics of RPH in patients with ChGN.
- To correlate RPH with renal function status in ChGN patients.
- To analyze the clinical presentation and outcomes of RPH in ChGN.
Summary:
- This study analyzed 132 patients with ChGN, finding RPH in 65.1%.
- RPH incidence was significantly higher in patients with ChRI (95.4%) compared to those with normal renal function (34.8%).
- Despite often mild symptoms and short hypertension duration, 40% experienced hypertonic crises or acute left cardiac insufficiency, particularly those with advanced ChRI.
Impact:
- Highlights the high prevalence of RPH in ChGN, especially with declining renal function.
- Emphasizes the need for integrated management of renal insufficiency and hypertension.
- Suggests that prompt, comprehensive treatment can improve prognosis for ChGN patients with RPH.
Abstract:
The authors share their results from the studies on the incidence and characteristic of hypertonic syndrome in 132 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (ChGN). In that random group, 65.1 per cent had renoparenchymal hypertension (RPH), 34.8 per cent of the patients had RPH among the patients with normal renal function, and with various degrees of chronic renal insufficiency (ChRI) - 95.4 per cent. In 69 patients, the diagnosis was confirmed by puncture biopsy, with a predomination of membranous, membranous-proliferative, IgA and endoproliferative ChGN. With the exception of IgA nephritis, RPH in the rest is found relatively often even in the absence of ChRI. The symptomatics of RPH was relatively poor--most frequently the patients complained of headache--in 48 per cent but patients with ChGN without RPH also had the same complaints--26 per cent. Complaints as dizziness, tinnitus and insomnia were rare. The hypertension was with a short duration (according to anamnestic data)--in 2/3 less than three years and 40 per cent of the patients had hypertonic crises or/and acute left cardiac insufficiency in spite of the relatively little alterations in ECG and fundus of the eye. Those were mainly patients with advanced ChRI. The authors lay stress upon the necessity of complex treatment of renal insufficiency and of hypertension with a view to the improvement of the prognosis of those patients.