Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 1, 2026
08:04
Application of Impermeable Barriers Combined with Candidate Factor Soaked Beads to Study Inductive Signals in the Chick
Published on: November 17, 2016
The pattern of muscle development in the chick leg
Archives D'Anatomie Microscopique Et De Morphologie Experimentale
|January 1, 1982
Summary
This study details chick hind limb muscle development. The complex pattern of 15 tibiotarsal muscles arises from two initial masses by day 7.5 of incubation.
Area of Science:
- Developmental biology
- Comparative anatomy
- Embryology
Background:
- Understanding limb development is crucial in embryology.
- The chick tibiotarsus serves as a model for studying vertebrate limb morphogenesis.
- Musculoskeletal development patterns are conserved across many species.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the developmental origins and spatial arrangement of chick tibiotarsal muscles.
- To elucidate the splitting patterns of premuscular masses during embryonic development.
- To characterize the formation of the hind limb zeugopod musculature.
Main Methods:
- Embryonic chick dissection and observation.
- Analysis of muscle development from day 5 to day 7.5 of incubation.
- Histological examination of premuscular masses and developing muscles.
Main Results:
- Identified 15 distinct muscles in the chick tibiotarsal segment.
- Observed that all muscles originate from two opposed premuscular masses.
- Documented binary and tertiary divisions of these masses between days 5 and 7.5, forming the characteristic zeugopod muscular pattern.
Conclusions:
- The spatial arrangement and splitting patterns of chick hind limb muscles are established early in development.
- The observed muscular pattern is a result of precise divisions of precursor muscle masses.
- This study provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms of vertebrate limb muscle formation.
More Related Videos
08:08Chicken Recombinant Limbs Assay to Understand Morphogenesis, Patterning, and Early Steps in Cell Differentiation
Published on: January 12, 2022
06:49Analysis of Cell Differentiation, Morphogenesis, and Patterning During Chicken Embryogenesis Using the Soaked-Bead Assay
Published on: January 12, 2022
Related Concept Videos
01:56Gastrulation
Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...
01:51Determination
During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
01:16Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella
The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
01:09Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
01:07Development of the Limb Synovial Joints
Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
01:23Muscles that Move the Leg
The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...