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Dissolution of amalgam in saline solution

Y Kozono, B K Moore, R W Phillips

    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Dental amalgam corrosion in saline solution initially slows, then accelerates, releasing more copper and mercury over six months. This study tracked soluble corrosion products to understand dental material degradation.

    Area of Science:

    • Dental Materials Science
    • Corrosion Engineering
    • Biomaterials

    Background:

    • Dental amalgams are widely used restorative materials.
    • Understanding their long-term stability in oral environments is crucial.
    • In vitro studies simulate oral conditions to predict material behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the in vitro corrosion behavior of modern dental amalgams.
    • To quantify changes in soluble corrosion products over a six-month period.
    • To identify the stages and types of corrosion in dental amalgam alloys.

    Main Methods:

    • Monitoring electrical conductivity changes in saline solution.
    • Analyzing soluble corrosion products, focusing on copper and mercury.
    • Evaluating dissolution rates of amalgam components over time.

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    Main Results:

    • Initial decrease in dissolution rate for 3-4 months, followed by accelerated corrosion.
    • Significant release of copper and mercury, particularly in high-copper alloys, during later stages.
    • Preferential release of zinc and indium in early stages; silver and tin were undetectable.

    Conclusions:

    • Dental amalgams exhibit a complex corrosion pattern with a potential for reactivated corrosion.
    • High-copper amalgams show increased copper and mercury dissolution in later stages.
    • Further research is needed to understand the formation of insoluble tin corrosion products.