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Fetal mortality associated with cleft lip and cleft palate

K R Dronamraju, D Bixler, P P Majumder

    The Johns Hopkins Medical Journal
    |December 1, 1982
    PubMed

    Insights

    Fetal mortality increases with clefting liability in families. Higher liability levels may cause fetal death, aligning with the multifactorial two-threshold model for cleft lip (CL(P)) and cleft palate (CP) formation.

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Genetics
    • Developmental Biology
    • Reproductive Health

    Background:

    • Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL(P)) and isolated cleft palate (CP) are common congenital anomalies.
    • The genetic and environmental factors influencing clefting and associated fetal outcomes require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between liability to clefting and fetal mortality.
    • To assess the compatibility of observed data with the multifactorial two-threshold model.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of pregnancy data from sibships of probands with CL(P) (n=1,516) and CP (n=774).
    • Statistical evaluation of fetal mortality rates in relation to clefting liability.

    Main Results:

    • Fetal mortality significantly increases with increasing liability to clefting.
    • The observed data support the multifactorial two-threshold model.

    Conclusions:

    • The multifactorial two-threshold model provides a framework for understanding both cleft formation and fetal death.
    • Elevated liability to clefting is associated with increased risk of fetal mortality.

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