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Dermatoglyphic studies in congenital heart disease in India
Insights
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is associated with distinct dermatoglyphic differences, particularly a consistent decrease in the t-d ridge count across all subtypes. This finding suggests a distal displacement of the axial triradius in individuals with CHD.
Area of Science:
- Dermatoglyphics
- Medical Genetics
- Cardiology
Background:
- Congenital heart disease (CHD) encompasses a range of structural abnormalities present at birth.
- Dermatoglyphics, the study of skin patterns, has shown potential correlations with various genetic and developmental conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate dermatoglyphic differences in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) compared to a control group.
- To identify specific dermatoglyphic traits that consistently differentiate CHD patients across various subtypes.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of finger, palm, and toe prints from 91 CHD patients and 100 control subjects.
- Analysis of multiple dermatoglyphic traits including fingertip patterns, palmar patterns, toe patterns, ridge counts (total finger, a-b, b-c, c-d, a-d, t-d), and indices.
Main Results:
- Significant dermatoglyphic differences were observed between CHD patients and controls, varying across specific CHD categories.
- A consistent and significant decrease in the t-d ridge count was noted in all studied CHD categories.
- This decrease in t-d ridge count indicates a distal displacement of the axial triradius to the t' position in CHD patients.
Conclusions:
- Dermatoglyphic analysis can reveal subtle developmental variations associated with congenital heart disease.
- The t-d ridge count is a reliable indicator of axial triradius displacement and shows consistent alterations in individuals with CHD.
Abstract:
Finger, palm and toe prints of 91 patients (53 male and 38 female) with congenital heart disease (CHD) were compared with those of 100 control subjects (50 male and 50 female). The CHD group included tetralogy of Fallot (TF), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), pulmonic stenosis (PS), atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD). The dermatoglyphic traits studied were finger tip patterns, palmar patterns, toe patterns, presence of accessory triradii, absence of c triradius, total finger ridge count, palmar ridge counts (a-b, b-c, c-d, a-d and t-d), main line index and pattern intensity index. When CHD was considered as a whole and when individual classifications of CHD were considered separately, significant differences from the controls were observed in some of the parameters. But, in general, the parameters showing significant differences were not the same from one category to next. However, one parameter stood out for its consistency. There was a considerable decrease in the t-d ridge count in all the categories of CHD studied, showing a distal displacement of the axial triradius to the t' position.