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Related Experiment Videos

The stones

K M Kim

    Scanning Electron Microscopy
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) effectively identifies various stone components, including organic crystals and debris. This powerful diagnostic tool aids in understanding stone formation and composition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Biomineralization
    • Analytical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Human calculi (stones) are complex structures often containing various crystalline and organic components.
    • Accurate identification of stone composition is crucial for diagnosis, treatment, and understanding pathogenesis.
    • Traditional methods may have limitations in fully characterizing the diverse components of stones.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To define the morphological parameters of diverse stone types using combined electron microscopy.
    • To investigate the presence and role of organic crystals and matrix within stones.
    • To evaluate the utility of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for stone analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Examination of various stones (urinary, prostatic, salivary, gallstones) using combined electron microscopy.

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  • Morphological characterization of specific crystalline components: calcium oxalates, phosphates, struvite, urates, cystine, gypsum, siliceous deposits, and calcium carbonate.
  • Utilizing SEM with X-ray analysis for detailed surface and compositional investigation.

    • Main Results:

    • Morphological parameters of numerous stone types and their constituents were successfully defined.
    • Stones were found to frequently contain organic crystals alongside the organic matrix.
    • Membranous cell debris was identified as a potential common nidus in small stones.

    Conclusions:

    • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides expeditious identification of stone components due to distinct crystal habits and growth patterns.
    • SEM with X-ray analysis is a powerful tool for research and diagnosis of various stones, particularly for surface phenomena and minor components.
    • Further research into stone surface phenomena, crystal growth, organic matrix, and minor components using SEM is warranted.