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Core temperature measurement in man

R J Edwards, A J Belyavin, M H Harrison

    Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
    |November 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Accurate core body temperature prediction is possible using a mathematical model. This model accurately predicts oesophageal temperature (Toe) from auditory canal and mouth measurements, with variations for rectal temperature.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Accurate core body temperature monitoring is crucial in various physiological and clinical settings.
    • Non-invasive methods for estimating core temperature are highly desirable.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a mathematical model for predicting oesophageal temperature (Toe) from peripheral and core site measurements.
    • To assess the accuracy of predicted Toe under conditions of passive and active heating.

    Main Methods:

    • Core body temperature was transiently altered in 12 subjects via hot bath immersion (passive) and exercise (active).
    • Temperature measurements were taken at the auditory canal, mouth, rectum, and oesophagus.
    • A mathematical model (Toe = ATx + BdTx/dt + C) was derived using auditory canal, mouth, and rectal temperatures to predict oesophageal temperature.

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    Main Results:

    • The derived model accurately predicted oesophageal temperature (Toe) within 0.1°C from auditory canal and mouth temperature measurements.
    • Prediction of Toe from rectal temperature required two distinct models: one for rising core temperature and another for declining core temperature.
    • Site constants (A, B, C) in the model varied depending on whether heating was passive or active.

    Conclusions:

    • A mathematical model can accurately predict oesophageal temperature from non-invasive measurements.
    • Auditory canal and mouth temperatures offer reliable inputs for predicting core body temperature.
    • Rectal temperature prediction requires a more complex, state-dependent model due to the thermal dynamics of the rectum.