[Intrapulmonary interstitial emphysema in ventilatorsy supported infants (author's transl)]

Area of Science:

• Neonatal respiratory medicine
• Pediatric pulmonology
• Critical care neonatology

Context:

• Alveolar rupture in newborns can lead to various extraalveolar air collections.
• Intrapulmonary interstitial emphysema (IPIE) is a significant concern in neonatal respiratory distress.

Purpose:

• To investigate the development of intrapulmonary interstitial emphysema (IPIE) and other extraalveolar air collections in newborn infants.
• To determine the relationship between IPIE, gestational age, pulmonary disease severity, and ventilatory assistance mode.

Summary:

• Intrapulmonary interstitial emphysema (IPIE) was identified in 67% of 46 infants studied.
• Development of IPIE was strongly associated with pulmonary disease severity and controlled ventilation (81% incidence).
• Mortality rates were high for infants with IPIE alone (77%) and those with additional air collections (89%).

Impact:

• Intrapulmonary interstitial emphysema (IPIE) is a severe complication requiring careful monitoring in infants receiving ventilatory support.
• Findings highlight the critical role of ventilatory strategy in preventing or exacerbating IPIE.
• This study underscores the need for early recognition and management of IPIE in neonates.