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Renal functional status in lepromatous leprosy
Summary
Leprosy patients, especially those with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), experience significant kidney impairment. This study highlights reduced kidney function and proteinuria as common issues in lepromatous leprosy.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Dermatology
Background:
- Leprosy, particularly lepromatous leprosy, can affect various organ systems.
- Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a common inflammatory complication of lepromatous leprosy.
- Renal involvement in leprosy is not fully understood, especially concerning ENL's impact.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate renal functional status in patients with lepromatous leprosy.
- To compare renal function between patients with and without ENL.
- To identify specific renal abnormalities associated with lepromatous leprosy and ENL.
Main Methods:
- Assessment of renal function in 122 lepromatous leprosy patients.
- Evaluation included endogenous creatinine clearance and proteinuria.
- Comparison with healthy controls and analysis of ENL's influence.
Main Results:
- Marked renal impairment observed in patients with active or quiescent ENL.
- Significant renal impairment also noted in uncomplicated lepromatous leprosy patients compared to controls.
- Diminished creatinine clearance and proteinuria were prevalent; elevated serum creatinine occurred mainly in reactive cases.
Conclusions:
- Lepromatous leprosy, particularly with ENL, is associated with significant renal functional impairment.
- Kidney function abnormalities are common, with ENL exacerbating the severity.
- Renal involvement did not correlate with disease duration or Bacteriological Index.