Localized amniotic fluid embolism presenting as ovarian vein thrombosis and refractory postoperative fever

Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare, usually fatal obstetric emergency. This is a case of a documented puerperal embolization presenting as an isolated thrombosis of the right ovarian vein. Neither the classic cardiopulmonary decompensation nor the defibrinogenation syndrome developed in our subject. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an isolated amniotic fluid embolism precipitating ovarian vein thrombosis. Differentiation from septic pelvic thrombophlebitis without histologic examination of an excised surgical specimen is impossible. Whereas surgical intervention is usually not required in most cases of septic pelvic vein thrombophlebitis, ovarian vein resection and unilateral adnexectomy were necessary in our patient.