Identification of a foreign body using energy dispersive x-ray analysis

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Forensic Science
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• A foreign body was recovered from a patient after a dental procedure, initially presumed to be dental impression material.
• The object's origin was investigated due to its unusual nature.

Observation:

• Visible light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis were employed.
• Histologic examination showed amorphous crystalline material, parakeratin, and exfoliated squamous cells.
• The material was radiolucent and lacked the diatomaceous earth filler characteristic of dental alginate.

Findings:

• SEM analysis revealed the foreign body contained primarily magnesium, while dental alginate contained silicon.
• The absence of known dental products with magnesium as the sole inorganic ingredient indicated a non-dental origin.
• The object's composition suggested it was likely an antacid or laxative.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of comprehensive material analysis to determine the origin of foreign bodies.
• The findings suggest a possible reflux event from the stomach during a dental procedure.
• Understanding the material composition aids in identifying potential patient exposures and medical histories.