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Intranasal immunization of mice against Pasteurella multocida
Abstract:
A potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) extract of Pasteurella multocida serotype III:A was shown to protect mice from an intranasal challenge with up to 300 50% lethal doses of P. multocida. In addition to preventing death, bacteria were rapidly cleared from the lungs of immunized mice so that by 72 to 96 h postchallenge no bacteria were present in the lungs of immunized mice, whereas up to 10(9) bacteria were present in lungs of nonimmunized mice. Immunization by the intranasal route was slightly better than that by the intramuscular route. Protection was considered specific, since immunization with P. multocida protected only against P. multocida and not against Salmonella agona. Furthermore, a similar KSCN extract from P. haemolytica did not protect against P. multocida challenge. A comparison of the KSCN extract with a Formalin-killed bacterin suggested that the KSCN extract may be superior to the bacterin.
Insights
A Pasteurella multocida extract protected mice against infection, clearing bacteria from lungs. Intranasal immunization with this extract proved effective against P. multocida challenges.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary immunology
- Bacteriology
- Infectious disease research
Background:
- Pasteurella multocida is a significant pathogen in animal health.
- Effective vaccines are crucial for controlling P. multocida infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the protective efficacy of a potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) extract from P. multocida serotype III:A in a mouse model.
- To compare intranasal versus intramuscular immunization routes.
- To assess the specificity of the induced immunity.
Main Methods:
- Mice were immunized intranasally or intramuscularly with a KSCN extract of P. multocida.
- Immunized and non-immunized mice were challenged intranasally with P. multocida.
- Bacterial load in lungs was quantified at various time points post-challenge.
Main Results:
- The KSCN extract conferred significant protection against lethal P. multocida challenge.
- Rapid clearance of P. multocida from the lungs was observed in immunized mice.
- Intranasal immunization showed slightly better protection than intramuscular immunization.
- Immunity was specific to P. multocida and did not protect against Salmonella agona.
Conclusions:
- The KSCN extract of P. multocida is a promising candidate for a vaccine.
- Intranasal immunization with the extract provides effective protection and bacterial clearance.
- The extract may be superior to traditional Formalin-killed bacterins.