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Related Experiment Videos

Liquid-tissue behavior and differential cohesiveness during chick limb budding

K F Heintzelman, H M Phillips, G S Davis

    Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology
    |October 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Chick limb bud growth involves liquid-like tissue rearrangements. Limb mesoderm exhibits higher cohesiveness than flank mesoderm, suggesting distinct surface tension properties drive limb bud formation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Tissue Engineering
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Limb bud growth involves complex mesodermal cell behaviors.
    • Traditional models of elongating solid tissues do not fully explain limb bud development.
    • Limb and flank mesoderm exhibit liquid-like properties in vitro.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanical properties of early limb and flank mesoderm.
    • To determine if limb and flank mesoderm possess different surface tension properties.
    • To understand how tissue cohesiveness influences limb bud formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Organ culture of chick limb and flank mesoderm.
    • Aggregate-fusion assays with limb, flank, heart, and liver tissues.
    • Analysis of aggregate envelopment patterns to deduce relative tissue cohesiveness.
    • Quantitative assessment of tissue surface tension properties using cross-sections of fused aggregates.

    Main Results:

    • Limb mesoderm, heart, and wing tissues show higher cohesiveness than liver and flank tissues.
    • A distinct hierarchy of tissue cohesiveness was established: leg > heart ≈ wing > liver > flank.
    • Flank mesoderm surrounds limb mesoderm tissues, consistent with a less cohesive fluid layer model.
    • In vitro findings support the hypothesis of differential surface tension between limb and flank mesoderm.

    Conclusions:

    • Early limb and flank mesoderm are not mechanically identical.
    • Differential surface tension properties likely segregate and position limb and flank tissues during development.
    • A model of limb mesoderm as a cohesive liquid droplet within a less cohesive flank tissue layer is supported.

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