Fluorescein iris angiography in nodular sarcoid iritis

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Immunology

Background:

• Sarcoid iritis is an inflammatory eye condition often associated with generalized sarcoidosis.
• Accurate diagnosis and monitoring are crucial for managing sarcoid iritis and preventing vision loss.

Observation:

• Five patients with nodular iritis and confirmed sarcoidosis underwent fluorescein iris angiography.
• The study compared angiographic findings with clinical biomicroscopy observations.

Findings:

• Fluorescein angiography revealed hyperfluorescent patches corresponding to sarcoid nodules, often exceeding those visible by biomicroscopy.
• Fresh nodules showed diffuse fluorescence and adjacent vessel leakage, while old granulomas featured neovascularization with significant fluorescein leakage during active disease.
• Recurrences presented new fluorescent areas and leakage from prior lesions, with pupillary nodules affecting peripupillary vessels.

Implications:

• Fluorescein iris angiography is a valuable tool for diagnosing and following nodular sarcoid iritis.
• The imaging findings correlate with the disease's proliferative nature and explain associated low-grade symptoms.
• This technique can improve patient management by providing a more comprehensive assessment of sarcoid iritis activity.