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[Morphological characteristics of acute perinatal respiratory viral infections]
Insights
Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are common in newborns. These infections show increasing severity with age, even appearing in cases of noninfectious lung disease.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pathology
- Virology
- Neonatal Medicine
Context:
- Investigated the prevalence and pathological findings of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in fetuses and newborns.
- Utilized autopsy data from 188 perinatal deaths within the first 168 hours of life.
- Examined the association between ARVI and morphological changes in the perinatal period.
Purpose:
- To determine the incidence of influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus antigens in perinatal deaths.
- To describe the morphological manifestations of ARVI in newborns and fetuses.
- To explore the presence of ARVI signs in cases of noninfectious pneumopathies.
Summary:
- Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are highly prevalent in the perinatal period.
- Morphological signs of ARVI escalate with the duration of life, from stillborns to 3-5 day old newborns.
- ARVI indicators were identified in some cases of presumed noninfectious pneumopathies, including a unique necrotic pneumonia lacking cellular response.
Impact:
- Highlights the significant burden of ARVI in the vulnerable perinatal population.
- Underscores the importance of considering viral etiologies even in atypical or noninfectious lung conditions in neonates.
- Provides crucial pathological insights for diagnosing and managing respiratory infections in the perinatal period.
Abstract:
The incidence of influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial and adeno-virus antigens and morphological manifestations of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in infants were studied on the materials of 188 autopsies of fetuses and newborns dying in the first 168 hours of life, i.e. in the perinatal period. ARVI were shown to be highly prevalent in the perinatal period. Morphological manifestations of infections increased with the duration of life: from minimal manifestations in stillborns to marked viral lesions in newborns of 3-5 days of life. Signs of ARVI were observed also in a number of cases of the so-called "noninfectious pneumopathies". A peculiar kind of necrotic pneumonias in newborns is described which are characterized by the complete lack of cellular reaction around foci of necrosis of the lung tissue.