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Incidence of congenital heart disease among children in a selected population sample
Insights
Congenital heart disease (CHD) incidence in newborns was higher in 1976 (9.48%) than in 1977 (7.67%). Common CHDs included ventricular septal defects, with significant infant mortality rates observed in both years.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a significant concern in pediatric health.
- Longitudinal studies are crucial for understanding trends in CHD incidence and outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the incidence and types of congenital heart disease in infants and children.
- To compare CHD rates and associated mortality between 1976 and 1977.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of newborn data from 1976 and 1977.
- Inclusion of autopsy-confirmed CHD cases.
- Calculation of incidence rates for various CHD types and overall CHD.
Main Results:
- The overall incidence of CHD was 9.48% in 1976 and 7.67% in 1977.
- Ventricular septal defect was the most common CHD, followed by atrial septal defect and left-to-right shunts.
- First-month mortality rates were 62.8% in 1976 and 51.6% in 1977.
Conclusions:
- A higher incidence of congenital heart disease was observed in 1976 compared to 1977.
- Specific defects like VSDs are prevalent, and early mortality remains a critical issue in CHD management.
Abstract:
The incidence of congenital heart disease [CHD] among infants and children has been studied since 1976. The sample represents more than one third of all infants born annually during the years under review. In 1976, 354 of all newborns had a CHD, confirmed by autopsy in 105, as compared with 285 newborns with CHD in 1977, confirmed by autopsy in 62, the incidence in 1976 and 1977 thus being 9.48% and 7.67%, respectively. The most common diseases were ventricular septal defect (38.7% and 39.65%), atrial septal defect (9.04% and 7.72%) and left-to-right shunt (8.47 and 11.23%). The incidence of the remaining CHD was less than 5%. During the two years under review and unspecified heart diseases represented 12.15% (1976) and 7.72% (1977). Mortality within the first month of birth in 1976 and 1977 was 62.8% and 51.6%, respectively. The difference shows that the incidence of CHD in 1976 was higher than in 1977.