Various intraperitoneal irrigation solutions in treating experimental fecal peritonitis

Area of Science:

• Surgical Innovation
• Infectious Disease Research
• Animal Models in Medicine

Background:

• Fecal peritonitis is a severe intra-abdominal infection with high mortality.
• Effective peritoneal lavage solutions are crucial for managing peritonitis.
• Previous studies have evaluated various antiseptic and antibiotic agents for peritoneal irrigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of commonly used peritoneal lavage solutions in treating experimental fecal peritonitis.
• To determine the optimal treatment regimen for reducing mortality in fecal peritonitis.
• To evaluate the impact of different solutions on survival outcomes in a rat model.

Main Methods:

• Lethal fecal peritonitis was induced in 100 rats using stool-filled gelatin capsules.
• Rats underwent initial peritoneal lavage with normal saline, followed by a second lavage with one of four solutions: 10% povidone-iodine (PVP-I), 1% PVP-I, 0.1% kanamycin, or normal saline.
• A control group received no second lavage.
• Mortality was assessed at 12 hours and survival at nine days postoperatively.

Main Results:

• The 10% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) group exhibited significantly higher mortality (83%) at 12 hours compared to other groups (0-6%).
• At nine days, only the kanamycin group showed survivors (29%), indicating significantly better outcomes than all other treatment and control groups.
• Sterile normal saline and 1% PVP-I lavage showed no significant survival benefit over no second lavage.

Conclusions:

• High-concentration povidone-iodine (10%) is detrimental in treating fecal peritonitis and increases early mortality.
• Kanamycin lavage demonstrates significant efficacy in improving survival rates for experimental fecal peritonitis.
• Further research into antibiotic-based peritoneal lavage is warranted for managing intra-abdominal infections.