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Non-group D alpha-hemolytic streptococci: new neonatal pathogens
The Journal of Pediatrics
|September 1, 1981
Summary
Non-group D alpha-hemolytic streptococci are increasingly causing neonatal infections like septicemia and meningitis. While prevalent, these infections appear less severe than those caused by other bacteria.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Neonatal Infectious Diseases
- Streptococcal Infections
Background:
- A significant rise in non-group D alpha-hemolytic streptococci infections in neonates was observed between 1970-1980.
- These bacteria became a leading cause of neonatal septicemia and meningitis by 1980.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the increasing incidence and characteristics of neonatal infections caused by non-group D alpha-hemolytic streptococci.
- To compare the clinical presentation and outcomes of these infections with other neonatal bacterial pathogens.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of bacteriologic records from a city-county hospital (1970-1980).
- Analysis of patient demographics, clinical signs, and laboratory findings for neonates with identified infections.
Main Results:
- Non-group D alpha-hemolytic streptococci accounted for 23% of neonatal septicemia/meningitis cases in 1980, second only to group B streptococci (28%).
- Most affected neonates (91.2%) had early-onset disease, often premature, with frequent maternal obstetrical complications.
- Severe outcomes like meningitis, shock, and death were less common compared to other invasive neonatal bacterial infections.
Conclusions:
- Non-group D alpha-hemolytic streptococci represent a growing threat in neonatal intensive care units.
- These organisms may possess lower virulence in neonates, or neonates may have enhanced defense mechanisms against them.
- Continuous surveillance for these streptococci is recommended for effective management of neonatal infections.