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An animal model for cicatrizing trachoma

H R Taylor, R A Prendergast, C R Dawson

    Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    |September 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed a new animal model for cicatrizing trachoma using cynomolgus monkeys. This model effectively mimics human reinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis, showing conjunctivitis and scarring.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Veterinary Medicine

    Background:

    • Trachoma is a leading cause of preventable blindness globally.
    • Understanding the pathogenesis of cicatrizing trachoma is crucial for developing effective treatments.
    • Existing animal models do not fully replicate the chronic, reinfectious nature of human trachoma.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a reproducible animal model of cicatrizing trachoma.
    • To validate the model's ability to mimic natural human Chlamydia trachomatis reinfection.
    • To characterize the clinical, microbiological, and immunological features of the induced disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Cynomolgus monkeys were repeatedly inoculated with the BOUR strain of Chlamydia trachomatis.
    • Clinical signs of conjunctivitis and tarsal scarring were monitored.
    • Chlamydia trachomatis was reisolated and identified using cytological methods.
    • Serum samples were analyzed for specific IgM and IgG antichlamydial antibodies.
    • Conjunctival tissues were examined histopathologically.

    Main Results:

    • A chronic follicular conjunctivitis and subsequent scarring of the superior tarsal conjunctiva were observed in cynomolgus monkeys.
    • Chlamydia trachomatis was successfully reisolated from infected monkeys.
    • Both IgM and IgG antichlamydial antibodies were detected in the monkeys' sera.
    • Histopathology revealed lymphocytic infiltration, germinal centers, and scar tissue formation.
    • Attempts to establish a similar model in rhesus monkeys were less successful.

    Conclusions:

    • The cynomolgus monkey model provides a valuable tool for studying cicatrizing trachoma.
    • This model accurately reflects the chronic, reinfectious nature of human trachoma.
    • The model facilitates research into Chlamydia trachomatis pathogenesis and the evaluation of therapeutic interventions.

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