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Transport mechanisms for ascorbic acid in the human placenta

M L Streeter, P Rosso

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |September 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) transport in the human placenta occurs via simple diffusion at high concentrations. At lower concentrations, it uses an energy-dependent, carrier-mediated process requiring sodium and Na+-K+-ATPase activity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Human Physiology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is essential for fetal development.
    • Understanding vitamin C transport mechanisms across the placenta is crucial for ensuring adequate fetal supply.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanisms of ascorbic acid transport in human placenta.
    • To determine the conditions under which different transport pathways are utilized.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of ascorbic acid transport in human placental samples from normal term pregnancies.
    • Investigation of transport kinetics at varying ascorbic acid concentrations.

    Main Results:

    • At high ascorbic acid concentrations, transport appears to occur via simple diffusion.
    • At lower concentrations, transport is predominantly carrier-mediated, energy-dependent, and requires sodium and Na+-K+-ATPase activity.
    • The energy for transport can be supplied by glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation.

    Conclusions:

    • The human placenta employs multiple mechanisms for ascorbic acid transport.
    • Carrier-mediated transport is the primary route for vitamin C uptake at physiological concentrations.
    • Efficient placental vitamin C transfer is vital for healthy pregnancy outcomes.

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