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Phenytoin-induced hyperglycemia
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
|October 1, 1981
Summary
Phenytoin, an anti-seizure medication, may cause hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) in patients with diabetes. This case highlights the importance of considering drug-induced hyperglycemia in diabetic patients experiencing elevated blood glucose levels.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Neurology
Background:
- Phenytoin is an anti-seizure medication.
- Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes.
Observation:
- A 64-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes developed diabetic ketoacidosis while taking phenytoin for seizures.
- Her seizures were thought to be secondary to a prior episode of nonketotic hyperosmolar coma.
Findings:
- Phenytoin therapy was initiated six weeks prior to admission.
- The patient's hyperglycemia resolved after discontinuing phenytoin and receiving standard treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis.
Implications:
- This case suggests a potential link between phenytoin and hyperglycemia.
- Clinicians should consider drug-induced hyperglycemia in patients taking phenytoin, especially those with diabetes.
- Further research into the mechanisms of phenytoin-induced hyperglycemia is warranted.