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[Intracardiac volumetric parameters in chronic cardiovascular insufficiency based on autopsy data]
Insights
Directly measuring heart ventricle volumes is difficult in pathological cases. This study introduces a new method to assess blood inflow, outflow, and reserve volumes, crucial for understanding heart function in diseases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Physiology
- Medical Imaging and Measurement Techniques
- Pathological Anatomy
Context:
- Current methods for direct cardiac ventricle volume measurement have limitations in pathological practice.
- Existing techniques do not adequately assess residual volumes or blood flow dynamics (inflow/outflow).
- Accurate assessment of ventricular volumes and blood flow is critical for diagnosing and managing cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose:
- To present a novel method for determining blood inflow, outflow, and reserve volumes of heart ventricles.
- To validate this method using autopsy data from patients with hypertension, sudden coronary death, and pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency.
- To establish correlations between volumetric indices and pathological conditions.
Summary:
- A new method calculates heart ventricle blood inflow, outflow, and reserve volumes using measurements of inflow/outflow tracts and valve orifice perimeters.
- Analysis of 50 autopsy cases (13 controls) revealed decreased reserve volume and increased outflow volume in hypertension, sudden coronary death, and pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency.
- Significant correlations were observed between volumetric parameters across different pathologies, indicating their clinical relevance.
Impact:
- The proposed volumetric indices offer a practical approach to assess ventricular myocardial loading.
- These indices can quantify the reserve capacity of hemodynamic compensation in various cardiovascular pathologies.
- This method enhances the understanding of ventricular dynamics in disease states, aiding clinical assessment and management.
Abstract:
The available methods of direct measurement of volumes of cardiac ventricle cavities cannot be always applied in pathological practice and do not allow the assessment of the residual volumes of ventricles, the amount of the outflowing and inflowing blood. This paper presents a method for the determination of the volume of the blood inflow and outflow as well as the reserve volume of the heart ventricles on the basis of measurements of inflowing and outflowing tracts and perimeters of the valve orifices of the heart ventricles. On the material of 50 autopsy observations (of them 13 controls), changes in the above parameters in hypertension, sudden coronary death and pulmonary-cardiac insufficiency have been demonstrated. In all these kinds of pathology a decrease in the reserve volume (P less than 0.05) and an increase in the outflow volume are observed. Strong correlation associations have been found between the volumetric values in each kind of pathology. The proposed volumetric indices may be used for the assessment of the degree of loading on the ventricular myocardium and of the reserve of hemodynamics compensation.