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Caffeine-induced stimulus control

J C Winter

    Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
    |August 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Rats learned to distinguish caffeine from saline. However, this caffeine stimulus control faded over time and was partially mimicked by other stimulants.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Behavioral Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Caffeine is a widely consumed psychoactive stimulant.
    • Understanding the discriminative stimulus properties of caffeine is crucial for behavioral pharmacology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the stimulus control produced by caffeine in rats.
    • To investigate the time course and generalization of caffeine's discriminative effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Rats were trained in a two-lever choice task under a fixed ratio 10 schedule of water reinforcement.
    • Stimulus control was established by caffeine (60 mg/kg) versus saline.
    • Dose-response and time-course studies were conducted, along with generalization tests.

    Main Results:

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  • Rats reliably discriminated caffeine from saline, achieving criterion performance in an average of 22 sessions.
  • Lower doses of caffeine (30, 10, 3 mg/kg) produced progressively less caffeine-appropriate responding.
  • Stimulus control diminished significantly by 4 hours and was absent after 24 hours.
  • Caffeine cues generalized to aminophylline and partially to d-amphetamine.
  • Pizotyline and spiperone did not antagonize caffeine's stimulus effects.

    • Conclusions:

    • Caffeine produces robust discriminative stimulus effects in rats.
    • The duration of caffeine's stimulus control is limited, with significant decay after 4 hours.
    • The generalization pattern suggests some shared neurobiological mechanisms between caffeine, d-amphetamine, and aminophylline.