Independent living placement: five years later

The placement success and quality of life of 69 mentally retarded persons placed into independent housing 5 years previously was evaluated. Eighty percent (n = 55) were still in their original independent housing placement. On the basis of multiple regression analysis, the most significant predictor variables were the behavioral skill areas of personal maintenance, communication, community integration, clothing care and use, and food preparation. Unsuccessful placements were related to bizarre behavior, nutritional problems, and inadequate home maintenance. Quality of life variables analyzed included employment, finances, community utilization, leisure-time usage, and friendship patterns. Analysis of the quality of life variables presented a mixed picture: Part of the data reflected low income and possible loneliness; on the other hand, community utilization occurred frequently and involved normal activities. Clients reported that they were proud of their apartments and felt good about "doing their own thing." In light of the results, an extended assistance-training model was presented.