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Sacral fracture: case presentation and review

E N Weaver, G D England, D E Richardson

    Neurosurgery
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
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    Sacral fractures, including transverse and vertical types, can damage neural elements. Surgical decompression may be necessary for certain transverse sacral fractures.

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Trauma Surgery

    Background:

    • Sacral fractures are classified as transverse or longitudinal (vertical).
    • Transverse fractures can be isolated and occur in upper or lower regions.
    • Vertical fractures are typically associated with anterior pelvic ring breaks.

    Observation:

    • Upper transverse fractures result from severe flexion injuries in younger individuals.
    • Lower transverse fractures are often caused by direct impact, such as falls on the coccyx.
    • Vertical fractures arise from extreme forces transmitted through the ilium.

    Findings:

    • Both transverse and vertical sacral fractures pose a risk of neural element injury.
    • Upper transverse fractures are linked to flexion injuries, while lower transverse fractures are due to direct impact.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Vertical sacral fractures are consistently accompanied by anterior pelvic ring disruptions.

    • Implications:

    • Understanding fracture mechanisms aids in diagnosis and treatment planning.
    • Neural element compromise necessitates careful evaluation and potential surgical intervention.
    • Surgical decompression is a consideration for specific transverse sacral fracture patterns.