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Hypocalcaemia in the ewe

G Nosdøl, S Waage

    Nordisk Veterinaermedicin
    |June 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hypocalcaemia, a calcium deficiency, frequently affects ewes, especially older ones and those with multiple lambs, often occurring before lambing. Early treatment is crucial for recovery and reducing lamb loss.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Animal Science
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Hypocalcaemia (low blood calcium) is a significant metabolic disorder in ewes, particularly around lambing.
    • Accurate diagnosis and understanding risk factors are crucial for effective management and improved flock health.
    • Clinical signs and clinico-chemical profiles aid in differentiating hypocalcaemia from other conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical-chemical characteristics of hypocalcaemia in ewes.
    • To analyze factors influencing recovery rates and mortality.
    • To provide insights for differential diagnosis of hypocalcaemia.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical examination and diagnosis of hypocalcaemia in a cohort of ewes.

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  • Measurement of plasma calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and other biochemical markers (ASAT, ALAT, bilirubin, hemoglobin, packed cell volume).
  • Correlation analysis between clinical signs, biochemical values, and outcomes (recovery, mortality, lamb loss).

    • Main Results:

    • Hypocalcaemia confirmed in 74.4% of clinically diagnosed ewes; 21.2% of uncertain cases showed low calcium.
    • Increased age, higher number of lambs, and timing around lambing (2-4 weeks pre-partum) were associated with higher risk.
    • Plasma Ca levels varied with clinical presentation; Mg was lowest in tetanic cases. Elevated ASAT, ALAT, bilirubin, Hb, and PCV noted in hypocalcaemic ewes. Recovery rates were lower in untreated or post-parturition treated ewes, with significant lamb losses.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypocalcaemia is prevalent in ewes, influenced by age, litter size, and proximity to lambing.
    • Specific clinical and biochemical parameters correlate with disease severity and outcome.
    • Timely intervention, particularly pre-parturition treatment, improves recovery and reduces lamb mortality.