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Pulmonary dysfunction in ultramarathon runners

D A Mahler, J Loke

    The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
    |July 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Extreme exercise like ultramarathons temporarily impairs lung function in runners. Key measures like forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) decreased post-race but recovered within hours.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Pulmonary Physiology

    Background:

    • Ultramarathon running represents an extreme physiological stress.
    • Assessing the impact of such endurance events on respiratory health is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the acute effects of ultramarathon running on maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves.
    • To investigate potential mechanisms behind observed lung function changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Fifteen runners completed an 80.6-100 km road race.
    • Maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves were measured pre- and post-race.
    • Lung function parameters including FVC, FEV1, PF, and MEF50 were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Significant post-race reductions were observed in FVC (12.4%), FEV1 (9.5%), PF (13.7%), and MEF50 (28.4%).

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  • Lung function showed improvement within 2.5 hours after the race.
  • Decreased flow rates suggest potential airway obstruction, while reduced FVC points to respiratory muscle fatigue.

    • Conclusions:

    • Ultramarathon running leads to transient decrements in lung function.
    • Airway obstruction and respiratory muscle fatigue are likely contributors to these changes.
    • Recovery of lung function indicates the adaptive capacity of the respiratory system post-exercise.