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Muscle activity for jaw closing during speech

J W Folkins

    Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Jaw-closing muscles, including the medial pterygoid, masseter, and temporalis, show varied activity patterns during speech. The medial pterygoid is consistently active, with longer durations than other muscles, highlighting complex muscle coordination in speech production.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Speech Science
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Understanding jaw muscle activity is crucial for speech production.
    • Previous research has explored muscle coordination, but detailed timing remains under investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence and timing of jaw-closing muscle activity during speech.
    • To analyze electromyographic activity in masseter, anterior temporalis, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid muscles.

    Main Methods:

    • Electromyography (EMG) was used to record muscle activity in four adults.
    • Jaw movement was measured using a strain-gauge system.
    • Subjects performed speech tasks including reading passages, syllables, and syllable trains at varying rates.

    Main Results:

    • The medial pterygoid muscle was active during all jaw-closing movements.
    • Masseter and temporalis muscles were frequently active.
    • Medial pterygoid activity duration exceeded that of masseter and temporalis.
    • Significant variability in muscle activity was observed even for similar jaw movements.

    Conclusions:

    • Jaw muscle coordination during speech is complex, with distinct roles and timing for different muscles.
    • The medial pterygoid plays a consistent role, while masseter and temporalis show variable participation.
    • Variability suggests adaptable neural control mechanisms for speech movements.

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