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Related Experiment Videos

Air pressure regulation during speech production

J B Moon1, J W Folkins, A E Smith

  • 1University of Iowa, Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Iowa City 52242.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Respiratory system characteristics may explain constant vocal tract pressures during speech, even with airway leaks. This challenges theories of active compensatory responses for pressure regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech Science
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Acoustic Phonetics

Background:

  • Individuals with repaired palatal clefts may experience airway leaks during speech.
  • Vocal tract pressures are often maintained despite these leaks.
  • Existing theories propose active compensatory mechanisms for pressure regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that constant vocal tract pressures result from constant respiratory system pressure source characteristics during speech.
  • To differentiate this from theories of active reflexive pressure regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments were conducted using a plastic vocal tract model and normal speakers.
  • Experiments involved simulating airway leaks and varying gas density.
  • Air pressure and flow patterns were measured and compared between the model and human speakers.

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Main Results:

  • Model experiments confirmed distinctions between constant flow and constant pressure sources.
  • Observed pressure and flow patterns in normal speakers with leaks aligned with model data.
  • Gas density variations influenced pressure and flow patterns in ways consistent with a constant pressure source hypothesis.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest that constant pressure source characteristics of the respiratory system may influence intraoral air pressure maintenance during speech.
  • This provides evidence supporting a non-reflexive explanation for pressure regulation in the presence of airway leaks.
  • The study offers an alternative perspective to active compensatory response theories.