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Cyclic loading in knee ligament injuries

G Weisman, M H Pope, R J Johnson

    The American Journal of Sports Medicine
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Repetitive knee stress, like in sports, can increase ligament laxity and decrease strength. This study found that cyclic loading softens knee ligaments, reducing their strength, especially in athletes.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Biomechanics
    • Orthopedics

    Background:

    • Knee ligaments are crucial for joint stability.
    • Athletic activities often involve repetitive joint motion and impact.
    • Understanding how cyclic loading affects ligament properties is important for injury prevention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of cyclic loading on knee ligament properties.
    • To compare in vivo and in vitro responses to cyclic stress.
    • To determine the relationship between ligament softening and strength reduction.

    Main Methods:

    • In vivo assessment of medial collateral ligament (MCL) compliance in athletes before and after sports participation.
    • In vitro cyclic loading of rat MCLs to evaluate changes in strength and stiffness.

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  • Controlled laboratory experiments on human subjects under cyclic loading.

    • Main Results:

    • Athletes' MCLs showed increased compliance after sports activities.
    • In vitro studies confirmed that cyclic loading softens ligaments.
    • A direct correlation was found between decreased stiffness (softening) and reduced ligament strength.

    Conclusions:

    • Cyclic loading leads to softening and reduced strength in knee ligaments.
    • Repetitive stress in sports may predispose athletes to ligament injury.
    • Ligament softening is directly related to the magnitude of cyclic stress experienced.