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Self-concept changes related to war captivity

W H Sledge, J A Boydstun, A J Rabe

    Archives of General Psychiatry
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Vietnam War prisoners of war (POWs) who endured harsher conditions reported greater psychological benefits. This finding suggests a correlation between the severity of wartime imprisonment and perceived personal growth among POWs.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Military History
    • Trauma Studies

    Background:

    • The Vietnam War resulted in numerous prisoners of war (POWs).
    • Long-term psychological effects of captivity are a significant area of study.
    • Understanding POW experiences can inform support for veterans and trauma survivors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the long-term psychological consequences of the Vietnam War imprisonment experience.
    • To examine the relationship between the harshness of captivity and perceived psychological benefits among POWs.

    Main Methods:

    • A questionnaire was distributed in 1976 to US Air Force repatriated POWs still on active duty.
    • Matched controls were included for comparison.
    • Data were analyzed to correlate imprisonment experiences with psychological outcomes.

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    Main Results:

    • A subgroup of POWs reported significant psychological benefits from their imprisonment.
    • The subjective sense of benefit was not universal among all POWs.
    • A positive correlation was found between the harshness of the imprisonment experience and the perceived psychological benefits.

    Conclusions:

    • The severity of wartime imprisonment is linked to a greater subjective sense of psychological benefit among POWs.
    • Individual responses to extreme stress and trauma can vary, with some reporting growth.
    • Findings support the hypothesis that harsh experiences may lead to a perception of personal gain.